Student Blog

My Experience Shadowing at School-Based and Pediatric Outpatient Clinics ⟩
November 11, 2025, by Makayla

Externships Fieldwork Getting Involved

In continuation of my previous blog, My Guide for Finding Volunteering and Shadowing Opportunities, I wanted to share some of my experiences this past summer, where I volunteered at two different pediatric outpatient clinics and shadowed with a school-based Occupational Therapist. As an aspiring Occupational Therapist in the future, these experiences align with my innate desire to understand pediatric patients’ experiences and their application to broader implications on healthcare outcomes and treatment approaches in the field of Occupational Therapy.

Pediatric Outpatient Clinics

This summer, I volunteered at playSense and Kids in Motion Pediatric Therapy, where I gained invaluable exposure in considering a career working in pediatric outpatient clinics. I found these clinics via USC Chan’s OS/OT Volunteer Opportunities page , and I simply reached out to them through email. Since I am a planner, I reached out during the spring in order to start right away when summer started. I recommend planning ahead because programs and clinics can become bombarded with volunteering and shadowing requests. It is important to reach out and initiate getting involved early!

Here are some important takeaways that I learned!

1. Using play and intrinsic motivation to inform the patient’s session treatment and goals

In the pediatric outpatient clinics that I volunteered at, I found that Occupational Therapists would let patients play and pick out their games or activities right off the bat at the start of their session. Then, Occupational Therapists would use these influences to adapt and inform their sessions to empower patients to participate in meaningful occupations with greater independence, ease, and confidence. In doing so, occupations are used as both a means and an end goal to maintain independent skills or to find solutions to challenges that may make participation in daily living difficult. Whether it be through toys, board games, swings, or obstacle courses, kids are intrinsically motivated to engage in activities that they are personally drawn to or interested in. For example, to aid in the development of proper pencil grasp, an Occupational Therapist would have patients use tweezers to pick up small figurines hidden in a container full of rice. Using a spoon to scoop up kinetic sand or puff balls into a toy ice cream cone can also help patients work on their pencil grasp while also working on foundational bilateral skills as well. As a result, the interventions by the Occupational Therapists are made easier for patients in completing treatment goals and applying these skills for everyday use!

2. Therapy exhaustion is real

Oftentimes, I would see that the schedule of the Occupational Therapist was jam-packed, with back-to-back patients with only lunch as their break. It is not easy having to run from one session to another while having to debrief parents at the end of a session and then jump to introduce another patient at the start of their time. Additionally, patients may cancel or run late, or even sessions can go over time or run short if any difficulties arise. In order to alleviate some of these stressors, I line up the specific toys, materials, or adaptive tools ahead of time for the Occupational Therapist so that we are ready to go when each session starts. In addition, I have a new appreciation for the stillness and calm in between sessions, where Occupational Therapists are able to rest and recharge in whatever time they have left. I can only imagine the exhaustion after the end of a day’s work, so this serves as an important reminder to me to prioritize restorative occupations as well!

School-Based OT - Extended School Year (ESY)

This summer, I shadowed an Occupational Therapist during an Extended School Year (ESY) program. An Extended School Year (ESY) program provides special education services to students with intellectual disabilities extending beyond the regular school year. Many times, ESY programs have smaller class sizes and may be at no cost to parents as well.

I got connected with this opportunity through my involvement with the Asian Pacific Alumni Association’s (APAA) Scholar Program. Alongside receiving a scholarship from the program and participating in year-long service hour requirements, we are put into families with board members. Fortunately for me, my board member is an Occupational Therapist who also graduated from USC. I had simply reached out to talk with her, and she quickly connected me to an Occupational Therapist whom I could shadow in the school district that she worked in. Easy peasy; the connections in the Trojan Family are real! She has a breadth of knowledge and has since worked in schools as an Occupational Therapist, School Principal, and Director of Special Education. Now, she works at the County Office of Los Angeles, formulating plans to make inclusive college graduation requirements and integrate greater services for individuals with intellectual disabilities across the University of California System and USC. This is all good news!

Here are some important takeaways that I learned!

1. Sitting in on Individualized Education Program (IEP) Evaluation session

While sitting in on an IEP meeting, I learned how comprehensive this process can be in order to determine if special education eligibility is required to fit the educational needs and curriculum of a student. One student’s file contains multiple documented evaluations over time, and different parties are involved in the meeting to consider the intervention plans for a student. This includes Occupational Therapists, Speech-Language Pathologists, parents, case workers, teachers, school administrators, and even lawyers/attorneys. I watched how emotionally laborious these meetings can be, especially for the parents when there is a legal presence and school administration in the room discussing their child. Nonetheless, it is nice to know that these teams of professionals are comprehensive and thorough when formulating educational plans for each student.

2. Career change is normal and encouraged!

The Occupational Therapist that I shadowed had started working in the biology field out of college, working in a genetics lab. However, she sought out a job that had a greater work-life balance when starting a family and decided to change her career to Occupational Therapy when she was 27 years old. If it weren’t for her biology background or her life’s circumstances, she would not have these experiences to inform her direction into the field of Occupational Therapy. Now, as an Occupational Therapist, she has greater meaning and purpose in her career, as well as in the current occupations she participates in.

3. Picking a field in occupational therapy: Personal experiences shape preferences

The Occupational Therapist that I shadowed shared that she had a greater inclination and cause toward working in younger populations because they are sponges for knowledge and have so much life ahead of them. She wasn’t attracted to older populations as much because they reminded her of her father, who dealt with Parkinson’s Disease, and this deeply affected her. She had been around hospice care and hospitals for a good while, and she knew that this field was not for her. On the other hand, her colleague, who is also an Occupational Therapist, enjoys working with older populations within geriatric care. The motivation for this person was working with people who were able to live out their whole lives and have extensive knowledge from their lived experiences. As a result, personal experiences can shape personal preferences, leading to greater motivations to serve specific populations.

4. Teacher, Occupational Therapist, and Speech-Language Pathologist - Same team, different roles

I found that balancing the needs of the teacher, Occupational Therapist, and Speech-Language Pathologist can be challenging when disrupting the student’s educational flow; however, maintaining a careful balance and encouraging intersectional collaboration between them all is crucial for worthwhile results. Sometimes the same student may need the services of both the Occupational Therapist and the Speech-Language Pathologist, so careful planning of classroom activities and schedules can help maximize the student’s time in these services. Additionally, The Occupational Therapist that I worked with utilized the push-in method, where they provide support directly with the student in the classroom. This intervention supplements the classroom instruction, instead of pulling the student out of the classroom for separate instruction.

Check out Student Ambassador Cara’s blog about the differences between Occupational Therapists and Physical Therapists

5. Sensory Integration in a school setting can be hard, but worthwhile

Sensory integration is a therapeutic framework aimed at aiding individuals in organizing and responding to sensory information from their bodies in relation to their environment. While volunteering at the pediatric outpatient clinics, sensory integration was everywhere; however, in a school, these interventions can be hard to do within the confines of the school’s resources, funding for equipment, and school schedules. However, if sensory integration can be supported in school-based occupational therapy practice, it can have a wide range of benefits in supporting student participation, inclusion, and regulation in schools. Learn more about Ayres Sensory Integration (ASI) here:

Check out more about Ayres Sensory Integration (developed here at USC Chan!)

6. Caseload vs. Workload

Caseload is the total number of students that the Occupational Therapist is responsible for supporting; however, the workload encompasses the amount of time and effort to support a student directly, and indirectly, through additional tasks and responsibilities that go into advocating for a student’s support towards their goals. Yet, in many school districts, only their caseload is recognized, which can invisibilize the extensive labor in additional responsibilities and can lead to burnout. School-Based Occupational Therapists are responsible for more than just treatment of students; Ongoing evaluations, IEP meetings, consultations with school administrators, and traveling between schools are just a short list of items that a School-Based Occupational Therapist covers.

Additionally, based on the school district, there could be one Occupational Therapist servicing multiple schools, leading to extensive travel time and careful planning to mitigate conflicts in scheduling. The work that School-Based Occupational Therapists do is invaluable to student success; however, it is difficult sometimes to quantify the depth and impact that they make in students’ lives. As a result, it is important to recognize setting healthy boundaries with the responsibilities that one manages, as well as advocate for greater school resources to supplement and support one’s role as an Occupational Therapist.

7. Occupational Therapy advocacy in the state legislature

The Occupational Therapist that I shadowed expressed challenges in explaining Occupational Therapy services and advocacy, especially in schools and state legislatures. She expressed that there are so many nuances and subtleties that come with the job that she did not know before entering the profession. Fortunately, since shadowing her, there have been great leaps in Occupational Therapy advocacy in the state legislature. California’s governor, Gavin Newsom, has since passed the California Bill AB 1009 law as of October 11, 2025, which modifies the current law to increase professional equity for Occupational Therapists and Physical Therapists to earn school-based administrative services credentials. In doing so, this is a huge stepping stone in giving state-licensed and highly educated professionals a pathway to pursue administrative leadership, opening doors for greater Occupational Therapy impacts on schools for generations to come.

When volunteering or shadowing, I’ll leave you with some parting advice:

• Take the pressure off
  Remember that this is your experience, so you get to ultimately decide what you want to get out of volunteering or shadowing experiences. Keep an open mind and flexible when entering a practice because you never know what you may encounter or find interesting.
• Be real with your commitment
  Although certain programs may have a specific schedule, be sure to block specific times to attend to this commitment. Changes in your schedule may happen, however be conscious of your time and their time as well. Sometimes you may be more available during the summer than during the school year. It is all up to you, however, keeping a consistent routine in your schedule is beneficial in establishing these relationships long-term.
• Ask questions
  No question is too dumb to answer. It is your experience at the end of the day, so the squeaky wheel gets the grease! A great question to ask is “In what ways do your professional and personal endeavors empower you to support the growth and development of the clients and students you work with?”
• Have a notebook in hand
  For me, I keep a small notepad to jot down notes during volunteering or shadowing sessions, where I write down observations or any questions I may have for an Occupational Therapist. For me, when I am shadowing a session, my main focus is observation, so as to keep the session as natural as possible and so as not to disturb the session. However, sometimes an Occupational Therapist may call upon me to participate with the patient as well, such as with a game or interactive activity. After a session, I will debrief with the Occupational Therapists on any questions I may have. Later, I add these notes to my own database of Occupational Therapy experiences!
• Adhere to their dress code
  Dress for success! Many times, volunteering or shadowing programs have a dress code, and it is for specific reasons. Having appropriate attire, especially when dealing with different populations, is crucial for stepping into a practice. For example, do not wear any dangly jewelry because it can be a safety issue in many settings that can potentially injure you. Don’t forget to wear your volunteer badge for easy identification in a clinic, if your program issues one as well!
• Remember to get any medical clearances!
  Many times, this may be proof of vaccinations or TB (Tuberculosis) tests in order to clear you to start at a practice. Try to do so early, and plan ahead so that you can get to volunteering or shadowing quicker!

⋯

Surviving (and Thriving) During Finals Week: My Personal Study Tricks ⟩
November 6, 2025, by Ciara

Classes School/Life Balance

With midterm season finally ending and finals being a few weeks ahead it is officially the marathon portion of the semester. Between group presentations, essays, and late-night cramming for exams, I know firsthand how hard it is to balance studying for all your courses while also trying to keep your sanity unscathed or to put it plainly not “crash out”. Those 24/7 Leavey Library cram sessions don’t have to be the way you study for this upcoming exam session. I like to apply the “work smarter, not harder” saying to my study methods, so if you are a little stressed for this upcoming final exam period and are on the prowl for some study tips then follow along:

Have an Idea of Yourself:

My biggest advice is simpler than one would think: know yourself. This can mean various things in the study context, but I like to think about this in terms of knowing what environment works best for you. For instance, coming into my freshman year, I didn’t exactly know what environment worked best for me but through trials, I quickly learned that I don’t work best in a group studying environment. It’s not beneficial for me to spend a chunk of my study time in groups when I usually find myself getting distracted or having my mind wander amongst the different personalities in the group.

On the flip side, if you work better and are more motivated in groups, then try to organize study sessions with classmates; a great way to truly comprehend content in a group setting is trying to teach it to your friends.

Leavey Library offers study rooms that you and some friends can book; this environment is the perfect mix of group work while also not having too many distractions, so if you’re interested, you can reserve study rooms (or study pods if you like to go solo) here. Whether you like group studying or solo studying, it’s good to stick to your strengths during this final period especially with how many exams you may have during a rather short period.

My Dear Friend: Quizlet

After quite a few exam periods, I don’t know how I would survive without Quizlet. I love studying with Quizlet for a few reasons.

First, you can use it wherever you have the app. When I have downtime such as waiting in line in the Village or sitting on the Metro, I pull out my Quizlet and already start familiarizing myself with the content I’m studying.

Secondly, I feel like making the Quizlet yourself forces you to re-read notes and try to understand the content so that you can later test yourself. If you want to go beyond, I find it helpful to make practice exam questions after reading my notes and put them in a Quizlet and use the “Test” function to make my very own practice tests.

If you want to try the entire “Ciara Study Method,” then accompany Quizlet review sessions with writing and explaining concepts using a whiteboard. The combination of memorization-based studying provided by Quizlet and the visualization and active recall based studying provided by using whiteboards leaves me feeling my most confident going into exams.

Plan Ahead:

This next piece of advice may scare the community of procrastinators, but during the final period, I find it vital to plan ahead. For me, I use Google Calendar to put my exam dates and deadlines (ex: essays) in. Based on that, I can put when I should start studying for my exams, which is usually at least 3 days ahead of the exam during final periods.

If you find yourself always studying at the last minute I would highly suggest starting to start calendering or even starting out with writing To-Do lists for yourself. The last time I found myself procrastinating during final exam periods, I felt so stressed throughout the pre-exam period and during the actual exam. I felt more confident and performed academically better when I spaced out my studying amongst several days with breaks rather than doing it all in one night with no breaks, which takes me into my next point…

Take Breaks:

Going hand in hand with planning ahead, I find it essential to give myself breaks. I know the temptation to work for hours straight is strong but simply said: neither the mind nor body can run on fumes. I prefer to study amongst several days so that I naturally give myself breaks and time to enjoy college life and go explore California with my friends.

When I am running low on time, I like to do the Pomodoro technique. With the Pomodoro technique, one works in 25 minute intervals separated by 5 minute breaks and then a longer break after several intervals; the intervals characterizing the Pomodoro technique have shown benefits in improving focus, and combatting burnout and procrastination. If this technique sounds interesting to you, click here for a free Pomodoro timer. 

Studying for finals can be stressful and overwhelming but it doesn’t always have to be. These 4 main tips help me feel academically prepared for exams while still taking care of my mental health. When I manage my time correctly, study with intention, and give myself breaks, I find myself saying “bon voyage” to burnout and panic.

Good luck Trojans and future Trojans, and during this upcoming exam season remember: be kind to yourself and trust the work you’ve put in!

⋯

Pre-OT Program: Learning and Advocating about Occupational Therapy (OT) ⟩
November 6, 2025, by Az

Getting Involved

The Pre-OT Pathway Program is an incredible opportunity for undergraduate and recently graduated students who are passionate about pursuing a career in occupational therapy. It’s the perfect stepping stone for anyone curious about what occupational therapy (OT) really is and how to navigate the process of applying to occupational therapy programs.

What makes this program so special is its structure: it meets once a month on a Saturday, bringing together students from different majors and backgrounds. Each session comes with valuable insight, featuring guest speakers (faculty members), interactive discussions, and advice from current students at USC Chan (student leads: Lilia and me!). It’s a welcoming space where curiosity meets community, and every meeting feels both inspiring and motivating.

As one of the student leads in the program, I’ve had the privilege of helping guide students through their Pre-OT journey. This leadership role has been one of the most rewarding experiences during my time as a Student Ambassador at USC Chan. Alongside my fellow second-year OT student, Lilia, I help plan the curriculum, coordinate speakers, and mentor students who are still discovering what occupational therapy truly means. It’s been such a fun experience and something that strengthened my leadership, organization, and communication skills while allowing me to support and inspire the next generation of future OT students.

Being a student lead has also helped me make meaningful connections between what I learn in class and how those lessons apply in the real world. As a second-year OT student, I’m constantly learning new theories, techniques, and clinical skills that I get to share with our Pre-OT students. Each monthly session reminds me why I chose this field and it’s not just about helping people, but about empowering them to live their lives to the fullest. Seeing that same excitement and curiosity in the students I mentor keeps me motivated to keep growing, both personally and professionally.

To learn more about the Pre-OT Pathway or to sign-up, visit https://keck.usc.edu/physician-assistant-program/student-life/usc-pa-pathways/, or reach out to .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address).

⋯

My Favorite Hidden Study Spots at University Park Campus ⟩
November 5, 2025, by Avery

Community Life Hacks Living in LA School/Life Balance

Happy Midterms season, Trojans! As I am now in my third year living and studying on USC’s University Park Campus (UPC), I thought I’d share some of my favorite, and often overlooked, spots to study. Whether you’re gearing up for midterms, catching up on readings, or squeezing in those final essay pages, finding the perfect study spot can completely change your productivity (and your mood). Here are some of my favorite hidden spots at UPC to hunker down and knock it out.

Category One: Coffee shops
My favorite way to study is with a fresh iced latte and a good friend across the table. My two favorite spots near UPC for just that are Ministry of Coffee (MOC) and Eruta Nature.

Ministry of Coffee is tucked right next to the Trojan Catholic Center. It offers both indoor and outdoor seating, plus plenty of coffee, matcha, and pastry or lunch options to power you through the afternoon.

BONUS: Right above Ministry of Coffee is the Trojan Catholic Center library. It’s the perfect spot if you need a quieter, more peaceful place to focus. I like to take the stairs up to the library when I need to switch things up.

Eruta Nature, located inside Rock & Reilly’s in the USC Village, is another gem. By night, the space transforms into an Irish-themed pub and sports bar, but in the mornings, Eruta Nature serves up freshly baked bagels and excellent lattes. You can almost always find a table to sit at, and their coffee-and-bagel combo deals are hard to beat.

Category Two: Library Hidden Gems

Everyone already knows about the big two (Leavey and Doheny Library). These two huge libraries hold hundreds of students studying every day. However, there are some lesser-known hidden library gems on campus too.

The USC Hoose Library of Philosophy sits on the north end of campus, just above Mudd Hall. It’s hard to describe this library as anything but magical. Whenever family or friends visit campus, I always make sure it’s on the must-see list. It’s that beautiful. If you want to romanticize your study session and feel like you’ve stepped into a Disney movie, the Philosophy Library is the perfect place.
Be warned, though: it’s small, has limited hours (9 a.m.–4:45 p.m. on weekdays), and is closed on weekends. Plus, no food or drinks are allowed — so plan accordingly!

The Doheny Memorial Library Bookstacks are one of USC’s best-kept secrets. While Doheny is known for its grand, ballroom-like study rooms featured in movies and TV shows, few students venture into the quieter, hidden side of the building (where the books actually live). Just past the front desk, you’ll find the entrance to nine floors of low-ceilinged, maze-like stacks. Tucked among the shelves are secluded desks and tables that make perfect hideaways when you need zero distractions. Just don’t get lost on your way back out!

Category Three: Miscellaneous

Many students don’t realize that when classes aren’t in session, you can use empty classrooms to get some work done. I especially like studying in the classrooms in Taper Hall and DMC. It’s a bit of a gamble, as you will get asked to leave if a class starts up, but it often works well in the afternoons or evenings when the buildings are quieter. There’s something nice about having a whole classroom to yourself to focus, spread out and bring a study group, or even practice a presentation.

The Tutor Campus Center (TCC) sits right in the heart of campus, next to the bookstore and the Tommy Trojan statue. The first floor is home to several popular lunch spots that accept dining dollars, as well as the Admissions Center. But the real hidden gem is upstairs — take the grand staircase (or the elevator) to the second floor, where you’ll find several student lounges. These spaces are sometimes reserved for events, but when they’re open, they make for a perfect mid-day study spot or a comfortable place to relax between classes.

Happy studying, Trojans! I wish you the best of luck!

⋯

Day in the Life of a First-Year E-OTD Student ⟩
November 2, 2025, by Cara

Classes Community School/Life Balance Videos

Come spend a day in my life as a first-year student in USC Chan’s Entry-Level Doctorate program! One of my favorite things about this program is that I am never bored with the curriculum. The curriculum ranges from foundational courses like philosophy, kinesiology, and neuroscience to exercising my creativity through reflective practices and crafts. No two days are alike, and I leave each class more passionate about the profession and inspired by the impact I want to make as a future practitioner.

If you have questions about the program, please don’t hesitate to reach out!

⋯